Thursday, October 31, 2019

Surgical Patient Flow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Surgical Patient Flow - Essay Example In this descriptive and qualitative study, the data was collected through timings taken in the hospital interviews with the staff by following an elective orthopaedic surgical patient, beginning with the decision to operate followed by the timing in which the surgery was carried out. The main findings were the absence of a system in existence as surgical patient flow management to follow-up the complete patient journey and to synchronize the surgical steps as well as co-ordinate the various pieces of patient information needed. There is duplicity in the system while transferring the patient from the clinic to the case manager, and also in the way of determining the surgical day, which can very easily result in a step being omitted. An Official Translator needs to be appointed in the Operation Theatre to avoid incorrect communication to emit and to maintain patient privacy. It was concluded that action needs to be taken to implement the surgical patient flow management, integrate all the system related surgical patient needs, and to educate the patient about the steps that needed to be done. This dissertation has required the time and patience of a number of people whom I needed to interview in order to collect my data, and to each one of you whom I wish to keep unnamed at this point in time. I am grateful for your timely contributions. It is important to note the following individuals who have been involved with this project: Dr. Zaid Al-Zaid, Chairman of the Orthopedic Surgery Department at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, who spent many hours patiently and good-humouredly explaining surgical patient flow at KFSH&RC. His role as a Surgeon in the clinic is integral to the training of students. His assistance in the area of decision-making as well as linking valuable professional connections is greatly

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Help Stop Bullying Essay Example for Free

Help Stop Bullying Essay An 11 year old Massachusetts boy, Carl Joseph Walker-Hoover, hung himself April 6, 2009 because he was being taunted daily for being gay. The mother begged the school to address the problem, but nothing was ever done about it and now a woman is left son less. That was at least the fourth suicide of a middle-school aged child linked to bullying that year. Most harassment and bullying go unreported. Children are being bullied each and every day, but the question is what should be done to stop it? Each and every day a child is being teased or picked on because of the way they look, act, dress, or because of what they believe in. Children should not have to be tortured just because they are not like everyone else. Children should be able to come to school and enjoy themselves and not worry about being picked on. A child that is being bullied can have many problems such as low self esteem and low self confidence which could lead them to suicide. Also, children that are bullied may start doing poorly in school or maybe even drop out because they do not feel safe at school. Bullying really needs to be stooped because it can leave a child physically, emotionally, and mentally scarred for the rest of their lives. Some schools say that there is very little that they can do about bullying because a lot of bullying starts off of school property. â€Å"Much of today’s bullying originates online, school officials said, with the growing use of social networking websites and cell phones has led to new ways to intimidate and tease. But because cyber bullying usually happens off-campus school administrators have little recourse† (Nissley 2010). I do not agree with the school district when they say that there is little they can do. Even though, it may start online, it continues or become worse at the school. With that being said, they need to try and do more so it can stop all together no matter where it starts. The solution that they think will help stop bullying is if the educate student about it more. Like Nissley (2010) stated, â€Å"In a model that has been mirrored by other school districts across the state, Abington Heights has been working on educating students as early as kindergarten about bullying and their responsibility to report it when they see it (p. 1). I think that it is good to educate the students about bullying and reporting it, but what is that really going to do? As we all know a lot of students will not tell because they will be too afraid. Or if they do tell they will be little done about it and they will continue to get bullied. So, their solution would not be effective at all. â€Å"Safe to learn: Embedding anti-bullying work in schools is the overarching anti-bullying guidance for schools and was launched in 2007† (teacherNet, 2009, p. 2). It seems that everyone thinks that the solution to stop bullying is just to educate students about it. I think that it is good that they are trying to educate students about the issue, but we all know that it is going to take more than that to stop bullying. It does not matter how much information you provide the students with about bullying, it still is not going to do anything. People have been trying to stop bullying by just telling students it is not the right thing to do for years and nothing has changed. As you see, they tried this solution in 2007 and now in 2010 the same problem is still going on. You can make students take classes every day about bullying and there will still be children getting bullied. Principals and administrators need to punish students by making use of more suspensions and require mandatory parent meetings for those who are bullying others. If the bullying continues, it must be dealt with strongly. And, both the child and parent should be held responsible for it. Until people start taking actions of this nature, bullying will forever be a problem. I think that the only way to stop bullying is to actually make a law against it. In Massachusetts, they have passed a bill for anti-bullying. I think that is wonderful because now that the law is involved I am sure bullying will be cut down because the kids would not to have to deal with the harsh consequences. â€Å"The bill would prohibit bullying at schools and clamp down on so-called cyber bullying by prohibiting the use of e-mails, text messages, internet postings, and other electronic means to create hostile school environment† (Gay Lesbians, 2010, p. 16). I also believe that it is good that they are requiring the school principals to report to the bullying to the police, if they believe criminal charges should be pursued. Maybe now if the students know that they could possibly go to jail they would stop bullying. It is great that somebody has passed a bill and takes this issue seriously because this has been going on for too long and it is time for it to stop. Lately there have been many other cities discussing and making laws about bullying. In New Jersey, they have also passed a bill regarding bullying. â€Å"A law against bullying in schools which advocates call the nation’s toughest because it requires schools to develop anti-harassment programs, was approved Monday in New Jersey† (Mulvihill, 2010, pg. ). I believe that this is what the schools need in order for bullying to stop. It may take a while for the schools to get all the policies and programs in the public schools, but it will be worth it. This law will hopefully prevent any more suicides from happening due to children being bullied. Maybe it should have been stricter laws a long time ago and a lot of bullying could have bee n stopped. The state of New Jersey has already passed the law for anti-bullying shows how it will cut down on a lot of bullying. There was already an anti-bullying law in 2002, but it was not required that schools set up anti-bullying programs. The new bill is claimed to be one of the toughest anti-bullying bill that there is. They are going all out the way to make sure students will not get bullied. They are even making teachers get training to help to bulling. Like Julie Bolcer (2010) stated, ‘’ The measure would required training for most public school employees on how to spot bulling and mandate that all districts from ‘school safety teams’ review complaints, reported The Star – Ledger . Superintendent would have to report incidents of buying to the state board of education, which would grade schools and districts on their efforts to combat it ‘’ (pg. 1). I think that it is to stop bulling because this is a very serious problem. But now that there are such harsh laws against it, I know the rates will go down a lot. Bullying is something that has been around for ages, but no one has ever seemed to find the right solution for it. Many say there is not a lot that can be done to stop bulling because it starts off school property; I totally isagree with that. While you have others that think that just by telling students about will stop it, which we all know will not. I feel that the only way bulling will ever stop is if they give harsh punishments and let the bullies know that is not a joke. Even though, there have been many attempts to stop bulling, I think that they have finally found a solution which is by making a tough anti-bulling law. If a child wants to bully someone then they should deal with the law and suffer the consequences.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Impact Of Social Networking On Tertiary Students

Impact Of Social Networking On Tertiary Students This paper examines the impacts of social networking through a multi-layered study of the benefits, positive and negative effects they have on people more especially tertiary students in Botswana. It states what social networking is, as well as explaining what tertiary students are. It goes on to define the analysis of social networking trend as well as assessing the impacts of it towards the productivity of tertiary students. Data has been collected from interviews, questionnaires and published reports from the internet. This paper challenges the argument that social networks dont impact the lives and productivity of tertiary students in Botswana. 1.0 INTRODUCTION The rapid growth of social networking that has been observed over the last two to three years is indicative of its entry into mainstream culture and its integration into the daily lives of many people, Ofcomm (2008). In parallel with this, there has also been considerable media coverage of the growth of social networking in tertiary institutions, its potential positive outcomes and concerns about the way that some students engage with it. Social networking sites offer people new and varied ways to communicate via the internet, whether through their PC or their mobile phone. They allow people to easily and simply create their own online pages or profile and to construct and display an online network of contacts. Users of these sites can communicate via their profile both with their friends and with people outside their list of contacts. This can be on a one-to-one basis, or in a more public way such as a comment post for all to see Social networking has a major impact on universities and colleges in Botswana as a lot of students are now using sites like myspace, twitter and facebook to communicate search and share data and even to socialise through them. These sites are attracting a huge number of people as they use them to establish links between friends even publishing and maintaining their profiles, (Subrahmanyam K 2008). The impact of social networks on productivity of tertiary students is an important issue that has caught both educators and practitioners attention in recent years. Social networking also has great effect to the industry since sites like facebook are of importance to students as they are able to express themselves but the main problem is that students stop working and spend much time to navigate through it. The measurement of student productivity is certainly open to many definitions. So to address the issue of learning effectiveness, it is better to design a field experiment comparing stud ent performance when they combine social networking with school work. Questions raised in this study are: Is an individuals position in a social network related to his or her performance in school? What kind of social relations are linked with students academic performance? The main purpose of this study is to explore the impact of interpersonal relationship networks on students academic performance online and offline and to find out the key human relationship determinants for students performance. 2.0 ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL NETWORKS 2.1 What is social networking? Social network can be said to be a group of socially related nodes linked by means of one or more relationships. A set of connections (members), are those nodes connected by the relations whose patterns can be studied. The units are commonly known as organizations or persons, thus the connected units can be studied as the principle says, (Marin A. and Wellman B. 2009). At the most basic level social networking sites allow users to set up online profiles or personal homepages, and develop an online social network. The profile page functions as the users own webpage and includes profile information ranging from their date of birth, gender, religion, politics and hometown etc. In addition to profile information, users can design the appearance of their page, and add content such as photos, video clips and music files. In addition to this, users can also build a network connection that they can build as friends. It is important to note that the term friend in this context does not refer to the traditional friend. Therefore it means anyone who has been invited or been invited by the other user. 2.2 History of social networking History of networking sites started first by the launch of SixDegrees.com in 1997. Users were permitted to list friends after making profiles. By 1998, they were able to view friends lists and profiles existed on community and dating sites. Classmates.com permitted persons to connect with friends from different institutions and search the network for any other person they would have known before even though they were not able create profiles even listing their friends. The combination of these features was then made through SixDegrees couple of years later on, (Boyd et al 2007). This clearly indicates that the first social networking site to be used was Six Degrees. It emerged in 1997 and users were allowed to register and edit their profiles in 1998. Everything in life has start time and the end time therefore SixDegrees did not do well as may be people were not able to access this site or they did not know the usage of it. Even though SixDegrees attracted a lot of people as users, it was unsuccessful to become a sustained business and this made the business to close its operations in the year 2000, (Boyd et al 2007). The downfall of this business was that, large number of people was taking the use of Internet seriously but most did not have the potential to connect with their friends who were online. After the close of this networking site, some other networking sites emerged. 2.3 Engaging in social networking sites and reasons why students engage in social networking Research by Boyd (2008) showed that tertiary students were more likely to access social networking sites on the internet at their schools than anywhere else. Media reports have suggested that some tertiary schools in Botswana have banned access to these sites. If these reports reflect widespread practice, it is likely that access to the internet at home will become an increasingly important factor in use of social networking sites. There are a number of ways why tertiary students use social networking sites. At the point when fears and anxieties diminish, tertiary leaders may start to appreciate that social networking tool and technologies can be utilized to: Find and meet new friends. One can find people of every kind from all over the world. Or you can just focus on meeting certain types of new friends Help one find old friends which were last seen many years ago. enable speedier location, access and sharing of information; enable more efficient leverage of contacts and knowledge; help retain key employees by improving satisfaction in the workplace; break down time and geographical boundaries to improve communication between widely dispersed personnel; reduce expenses because one can chat with a friend very far for free 2.4.0 How people use social networking sites The building blocks of social networking sites are the individual members profiles. No two profiles are identical, but they typically contain basic information about the user such as name, sex, home town/country and contact details as well as other information such as race, religion and politics. Alongside this basic information, most social networking sites also allow users to write potted biographies about themselves and to go into great detail about their likes and dislikes. For example, on MySpace these are termed blurbs. An important feature of social networking sites for most tertiary students in Botswana is the ability to contact others in a playful way, using pokes or similar gestures. These gestures are a feature of most social networking sites and, depending on the site are called names like Pokes, Fives, Love or something similar. They are a way of gesturing to other users and getting their attention. These gestures, or symbolic cues, are fun for many users and provide a level of excitement as people log on to see what messages they have. They can also provide social status or reassurance, depending on the number received and who they were received from. Students can post photos and videos on their social networking sites, in addition to their profile photo. Photos are important both for constructing and revealing ones identity, and for sharing important events and moments with a wide group of people (especially family and friends). Some students and less confident ones reported that the virtual nature of the communication they had through these sites had allowed them to express themselves more confidently. These students also reported using MSN and texting in a similar way. Social networking sites appeared to allow less confident individuals, particularly teenage boys and girls and older single women, to express themselves in new ways and to talk confidently to people they knew, and also to contact people they didnt know. Some teenagers and adults in their early twenties reported feeling addicted to social networking sites and were aware that their use was squeezing their study time. Many students had experienced this drawback, although to differing degrees. Some students described how they might go onto their site just to check for messages and then emerge a few hours later having been drawn into commenting, searching and generally having fun. 2.4.1 Case 1 Kabo Magowe (22) is a young man who schools in Botswana Accountancy College and while I was on the internet doing my online research I asked him if he knows anyone who has a problem with Fece Book. He said to me, yes I do. I know this other guy who had to re-take three courses after he failed them because he used to spend much time on Face Book. 2.4.2Case 2 Alice is a Humanities student at the University of Botswana, aged 23, living in a rented apartment in an urban/suburban area. She depends mainly on her allowance and she doesnt receive extra money from parents. She spends much of her time in the evening at school chatting to people she has met in chat rooms in Face Book. She has had an affair with one guy she met online which lasted eight months. They would talk to each other daily and their avatars would go and get a room at Planet Lodge. After eight months they met in public and she learnt that he was married, so she finished the online relationship, although she really felt they had something special. Despite her experience, she still feels that social networking sites are a much easier way for single women to meet people, especially as they are not able to go out very much and it gives them a chance to talk to lots of people and feel less isolated. 2.5 Positive impacts of social networking on students There are a number of ways in which social networks impact the lives of students and people. Some of the positive ways are: They help in education by allowing teachers and coaches to post club meeting times, school projects, and even homework on these sites. Social networking Web sites are helping businesses advertise, thus social networking Web sites are benefiting businesses therefore the U.S. economically. They help them meet others who share the same interest Social networking can be used by individuals as a way of looking for a job or job hunting Social networking can be used as a positive cause/awareness, i.e, money raising benefits for someone who was in a car crash, house burnt down, or also raise funds for the people involved in natural catastrophes like the Haiti earth quake etc (these are actual events) They help people to stay in touch with friends long distance They can be used to renewed friendships high school/college friends Keep track of community service 2.5 Negative impacts of social networking on students Social networks also have negative impacts on the lives of students or people in general. Some of them are: Students are waste precious time that could be spent doing homework, thus social networking websites are encouraging the creation of a lazy generation. Users of social networking websites are extremely vulnerable to fraud, and can have money stolen from their bank accounts just because of signing up for these sites. Users of social networking websites are extremely vulnerable to sexual abuse or harassment. In the case of computer labs, social networks use up most of the bandwidth in them. They are so interesting that one will want to open a lot of web pages at the same time and imagine if 50 students do that at the same time. 3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.0.1 Social networking: qualitative research into attitudes, behaviours users and how tertiary students in Botswana use social networking sites Methodology- questionnaires were issued to different students from different tertiary institutions in Botswana. Questionnaires were used because they are easy to analyze and also written questionnaires become even more cost effective as the number of research questions increases. Questionnaires are familiar to most people (Berdie, Anderson, and Niebuhr, 1986). Nearly everyone has had some experience completing questionnaires and they generally do not make people apprehensive. They are less intrusive than telephone or face-to-face surveys. When respondents receive a questionnaire in the mail, they are free to complete it on their own time-table (Cahalan, 1951; Jahoda, et al., 1962). Unlike other research methods, the respondent is not interrupted by the research instrument. Core Objectives- To identify, explore and understand the behaviours, attitudes and barriers to tertiary students use of social networking sites Sample Size- 25 students Field Work Period- 8 March to 12 March 2010 (5 days) Sample Definition- Social networking student users aged 19+. The sample included 5 students from University of Limkokwing, 5 from the University of Botswana, 5 from Botswana Accountancy College, 5 from Gaborone Institute of Professional Studies and the last batch of 5 from NIIT. The sample also comprised of students who have internet connection from their homes and those who used the one at school. 4.0 FINDINGS Question 1 Name of tertiary institution Botswana Accountancy College 5 University of Botswana 5 University of Limkokwing 5 Gaborone Institute of Professional Studies 5 NIIT 5 Total 25 students Question 2 Do you have a social network you are involved in? Yes 23 No 2 Total 25 students Question 3 If your answer is yes on the above question, which social networks are you part of? Face Book 22 MySpace Tagged Hi5 1 Other Total 23 students Question 4 When do you usually surf your social network sites? During class hours 14 Lunch time 6 After hours 1 weekends 2 Total 23 students Question 5 How many friends do you have on your friend list that you dont know or talk to? 10% 30% 11 40% 60% 2 70%+ 10 Total 23 students Question 6 When do you find it necessary for you to log onto your favorite social network chosen at number three above? Anytime I get access to an Internet connection, whether its during a lesson or not. Sometimes, I would go out and find an Internet connection and if it means going to the internet cafà © I would do it. 16 When Im bored and have nothing else to do 2 Sometimes, when I want to catch up with friends 5 Total 23 students Question 7 How long do you take surfing your social network? 1hr 2hrs 6 2hrs 3hrs 12 4hrs+ 5 Total 23 students Question 8 Has social networking negatively affected your studies? Yes 20 No 3 Total 23 students Question 9 Give reasons for the answer provided above Relevant to decline in school work 20 Nothing to do with school 3 Total 23 students Question 10 Which internet connection do you use? Home 5 School 18 Total 23 students 5.0 RESULTS The questionnaires handed out to students in different institutions were all returned fully and accurately answered with no faults or damages what so ever. The results are as follows: From the 25 sampled students, 92% of students have a social network account from different web sites and only 8% of students dont have any. The 8% is the 2 students school at Gaborone Institute of Professional Studies. This result leaves us with only 23 questionnaires to analyze. From the 23 students with social network accounts 91% of students have Face Book accounts and 8% of students are not on face book but rather on Hi5. When it comes to the times at which the students surf their social web sites, 61% students have stated that they do it during class hours, while 26% students surf during lunch time, 4% surf during after hours and 2 students do it during weekends. Again, when it comes to a portion of friends that particular student has, but never talks to or dont know, 11 students say they dont know or talk to 10 30% of their total friends, while 2 student doesnt know or talk to 40 60% of his total friends. 10 students dont talk or even know 70%+ of their total friends. 16 students say they surf the social network sites anytime they get access to an Internet connection, whether its during lessons or not. They say sometimes, they would go out and find an Internet connection even if it means going to an internet cafà ©. 2 students surf the web sites only when they are bored and 5 students surf when they want to catch up with their friends 6 students say that they spend an hour to 2 hours on their particular web sites, 12 students spend 2hours to 3 hours on their particular sites and 5 students spend 4 hours+ on their particular web sites. From the overall 23 students, 87% say social network sites have impacted them negatively on their academic work and this has caused them to fall gradually from their high marks to low marks. 13% students say they are still doing well in school and social networking hasnt impacted them negatively on their school work because they dont mix school with pleasure. 78% of the 23 students have got no internet connection at their homes which means they use the connection at school and 22% students have got internet connection at home 6.0 DISCUSSION The results above have made it clear that social networking is common among many tertiary students in Botswana. The results also show that it (social networking) impacts the way students perform in school negatively. From the sample of students selected from different tertiary institutions in Botswana, one would say in every 5 students, 4 students have accounts on different social networking sites. The most common social web site used or visited from the sample is Face Book which of cause was developed by a tertiary student. With Face Book being common this means that the majority of the world population is on Face Book therefore there are many people to stay in touch with. Even though there is a big dish full of friends to socialize with, there are people who request friends and yet they dont know them and they and dont even talk to them or chat with them. Friends are just added to increase the list of friends; its like a competition among tertiary students. More friends mean more profiles to check out. For example if a student has 200 friends on face book and yet he/she does not have internet connection at home but rather uses the connection at school, this means that he/she will have to spend more hours at school being unproductive viewing friends profiles. The results have highlighted 16 students from a total of 23 students who visit social networking sites during class hours and mostly during lab sessions. This is very bad because there is lack of concentration during classes and therefore students fail. Lastly, from the 23 students sampled, 87% of them have shown that social networking has affected the way they perform academically. 7.0 CONCLUSION In a few years time the chances are that social networking will be part of almost everyones life are very high. Most people will take advantage of the fact that they have accounts on social network web sites and erasing or deactivating them will be impossible because of the fact that they have many friends around the world and losing touch with them will be a disadvantage. With the majority of tertiary institutions in Botswana having social networking sites blocked from their computer labs, most households will have internet connections in the near future, many of which will be high speed. Accessing the Net wherever and whenever one chooses will be commonplace thanks to both the small wireless devices most people carry and the variety of alternate points of access. All of these modern upgrades mentioned above will make social networking for tertiary institution students to even surf them more and frequently. I have a great believe that the number of students without internet connecti ons at their households will gradually reduce in great numbers. Social network web sites have negative impacts on the lives of tertiary students in Botswana. They affect the way they perform at their different institutions. Social networking has become a habit on tertiary students, they cannot live without them. Even when they are disabled from their schools, one will go to thee extend of finding an internet connection in order to go online. 8.0 RECOMMENDATIONS Since social networking is a habit among tertiary students in Botswana, I would recommend that they should balance them, use them equally. They should give their school work more priority because school is the key to success and not Face Book friends. 10.0 REFERENCES What is social networking (2010), what is social networking, http://www.whatissocialnetworking.com/ [accessed 19 Feb 2010] Wikipedia (2010), social network service, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/social_network_service/ [accessed 21 Feb 2010] About.com (2010), reasons to join a social network, http://personalweb.about.com/od/easyblogsandwebpages/a/whatsocialnetwo.htm [accessed 21 Feb 2010] Yahoo (2010) social networking websites have positive impact? http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?/ Boyd, D and Ellison, N, Social Network Sites, Definition, History and Scholarship, Journal of Computer Mediated Communication (October, 2007), http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html. K. Subrahmanyam Online and offline social networks: Use of social networking sites by emerging adults, Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 200811/12. D.M. Boyd and N.B (2007) Ellison Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship (2007). Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), article 11. [Online] [21 September 2009).

Friday, October 25, 2019

Economy Of New Zealand :: essays research papers

The United States and New Zealand established close ties in 1942, when the U.S. provided security for New Zealand during World War II, and have remained close ever since. However, in 1984, the Labour party came into power in New Zealand, with intentions to bar nuclear-armed and nuclear-powered warships from New Zealand ports. Implementation of this anti-nuclear policy was incompatible with U.S. policy and disrupted the alliance under the Australian, New Zealand, and United States (ANZUS) security treaty of 1951. After unsuccessful attempts to remedy the issue, the United States suspended its ANZUS security obligation to New Zealand in 1986.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite the rupture in the ANZUS alliance, New Zealand has maintained close political, economical, and social ties with the United States. In trade, the U.S. is New Zealand second-largest supplier and customer after Australia. Trade between the two countries totaled $3.5 billion (with a $300 million surplus in the favor of the U.S.) in 1996; U.S. merchandise exports were $1.9 billion. U.S. foreign investment in New Zealand that same year totaled $4.8 billion, and was largely concentrated in manufacturing, forestry, telecommunications services, and finance. The two countries have also worked closely together to promote free trade in the World Trade Organization and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Labour party had not only changed nuclear policies in 1984, but also introduced a monetarist economic policy in a major effort to reduce the government budget deficit and inflation that resulted largely from an attempt in the 1970s to diversify New Zealand’s production. This new plan was executed through seven major alterations: 1)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The increase of privatizations through the sale of government-owned enterprises. 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Elimination of Government subsidies. 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Liberalization of import regulations. 4)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Exchange rates freely floated. 5)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Removal of controls on interest rates, wages, and prices. 6)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reduction of marginal rates of taxation. 7)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cutbacks on health, education and social security benefits. This Laissez-Faire attitude did indeed decrease the deficit and lower inflation; it also increased growth, the value of the New Zealand Dollar, and unfortunately unemployment. The economy has improved greatly and with it unemployment has been brought down.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Currently New Zealand is finally recovering from the rapid economic growth it experienced in the mid-90s, now that the worst of the Asian financial crisis effects are over. New Zealand lost many export markets in Asia, but looked to the U.S. and European markets to replace the lost customers. The country remains dependent on trade due to its small size and isolation; price and access to foreign markets are a constant concern.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Great Gatsby Corruption

Possibly one of F. Scott Fitzgerald's most astonishing work, The Great Gatsby is not just a magnificent story, but an insightful lesson of society's flaws during the 1920's. Fitzgerald's novel creates an atmosphere of superficiality, dissatisfaction and dishonesty by the depictive illustration of each character's defect. With economical growth, the immoral society of the twenties ultimately brought corruption to the American Dream of achieving prosperity. At the end of the first chapter, the green light at the end of Daisy's dock is introduced, the symbol for hope and a promising future for the Great Gatsby. In the second chapter however, the reader is presented with the, â€Å"†¦ valley of ashes†¦ where ashes take the form of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and finally†¦ of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air† . The valley of ashes can be interpreted as the superficial and dirt-filled materialistic world that the characters live in. The author's great use of imagery helps accentuate the setting and the crumbling foundation of society. In Fitzgerald's novel, Gatsby is labeled as â€Å"new money†. Having come from no wealthy background, and building his fortunes early in life, Gatsby nearly fulfills all the aspects of the American Dream with hard work, courage and determination but comes short by not achieving satisfaction from prosperity. Money was the critical reagent to Gatsby's corruption that unfolds when he describes Daisy. â€Å"Her voice is full of money† . Often identified as a symbol of wealth, Daisy was Gatsby's main goal. Gatsby had an enormous need to impress Daisy with his riches; his tainted mind could only offer what he had acquired all these years, money.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Spanish Civil War essays

Spanish Civil War essays On the Nationalist side, there were four main factions; the Carlists, the Catholic Church, the Falange, and the Monarchists. The Carlists supported the claim of the descendants of Don Carlos to the throne of Spain. They wanted a return to a traditionalist ultra-Catholic monarchy. The movement's support came from the Requetes, the Pelayos and the Margaritas, whose recruits were mainly drawn from the families of Navarrese smallholders. The Catholic Church supported CEDA, a composite right-wing Catholic party founded in 1933 by Gil Robles. It was formed from the Accion Popular and Partido Agrario, and had a youth movement known as the JAP. Although successful in the 1933 elections, the Party virtually collapsed after the Popular Front victory in 1936. The membership of JAP then switched to the Falange. The Falange was a small fascist. It gained some popular support when it merged with the JONS in 1934 to form the Falange Espanola de las JONS. The Monarchist groups, which inclu ded Accion Espanola and Renovacion Espanola, supported the claim of the descendants of Queen Isabella II to the throne of Spain. The Monarchist movement, which had the support of conservative army officers, became the focus of opposition to the Republic after the abdication of King Alfonso XIII. On the Republican side were the Anarcho-Syndicalists, the Basques, the Catalans, the Communists, the Marxists, the Republicans, and the Socialists. The Anarchist movement in Spain was the strongest in Europe. Its main support came from the industrial workers of Barcelona, who formed the anarcho-syndicalist trades union in 1911. The Anarchist also founded a youth movement, the FIJL, to promote anarcho-syndicalist beliefs amongst the young. The most influential organization within the Anarchist movement was the FAI; this was a federation of militant anarchist groups founded in 1927. It worked in secret, and formed the backbone of the Anarchist Militias at the o...

Monday, October 21, 2019

The Arrhenius Equation and Activation Energy Essays

The Arrhenius Equation and Activation Energy Essays The Arrhenius Equation and Activation Energy Paper The Arrhenius Equation and Activation Energy Paper In this lab, our task is to determine how different degrees of temperature affect reaction rates.  A Swedish chemist, named Svante Arrhenius discovered the relationship between temperature and reaction rate. In finding this relationship a new equation was formed called the Arrhenius Equation:  Reaction rate constant k = A e -Ea/RT  The factor A represents the frequency of collisions between two molecules in the proper orientation for reactions to occur. The value of A is determined by experiment and will be different for every reaction. The value of the exponential term e -Ea/RT describes the fraction of molecules with the minimum energy required to react, R is the gas constant, 8.314 J/mol-K, T is the temperature in Kelvin and Ea is the activation energy. Activation energy of a reaction is the minimum amount of energy needed to start the reactions. In order to understand and make use of this equation, we must include the Collision Theory. Collision Theory states that in order for a reaction to occur, two molecules must collide in the proper orientation and posses a minimum amount of energy to react. The Arrhenius equation accounts for all of the requirements of Collision Theory.  The Arrhenius equation can be rearranged and combined to determine the activation energy for a reaction based on how the rate constant changes with temperature: In this lab, we will be calculating the rate constants for each of the four temperatures. The four temperatures include: 23, 40, 50, and 60 degrees Celsius. After the rate constant is found for these temperatures, we will use the Arrhenius Equation to solve for Ea and A by an analytical approach. Additionally we will use a graphically approach to solve for these values. The value found for Ea analytically is 9.20 X 104 J/Mol and the value for Ea found graphically is 8.51 X 10 4 J/Mol. The difference between the two is 6873 J/Mol. The value of 9.20 X 104 J/Mol was found experimentally, while the value of 8.51 X 10 4 J/Mol was found by using experimental data to find the best-fit equation for the line. Because this was a best-fit equation done by a computer working with the experimental data a difference is expected. It should be noted that the difference of the two figures is relatively small. Conclusion: In this lab, we experimentally tested how reaction rates change with varying degrees of temperature. We tested this by measuring out specific volumes of reactants, when the final reactant was placed in the flask we started the stopwatch. We were able to time the reaction visually by the change in color, once the reactant color turned clear the reaction was over and the stopwatch was stopped. We did this four times with the variable being the temperature of the water baths that the flasks were in. The first run was done with no water bath, thus at room temperature of 23à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C and the other three runs at 40, 50 and 60à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ C. When we solved for Ea1 the value was 8.94 X102 KJ/Mol this represents the two lowest temperature and the value of Ea2 was 9.45 X 101 KJ/Mol for the two highest temperatures. Our data supports the idea that as temperature increases the rate increased, this was the true for all four runs. As with any experiment there is always a margin of error, in this case we were not working in a closed environment, and the fact that we took the flask out of the water baths before reading the final temperature occur twice which could possible provide an error. Prior to doing this lab, I have been told as well as have read that it is a clear understanding in the scientific world that a change of 10à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C will double the rate of a reaction. We tested this in this lab, and once again this understanding has been substantiated. This experiment emphasized that the Arrhenius equation is a proving powerful tool for predicting reaction rates over a wide range of temperatures. After a final analysis of our data, I feel confident that our experiment was a success. My understanding of this concept is more firmly in place than prior to this experiment. References: Moore, John W., et al. The Chemical World Concepts and Applications. Orlando: Harcourt Brace Company 1994. Silberberg, Martin S., 2000. Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change. Third Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher, 2000.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Life in the Warsaw Ghetto essays

Life in the Warsaw Ghetto essays The holocaust was a tragic even in history when Jewish residents of Germany and other lands were deported into concentration camps or ghettos. One of the well known ghettos is the Warsaw Ghetto that lasted from October 1940 until June 1943 (Resnick 46). Warsaw was one of the largest ghettos with a maximum amount of prisoners there at one time of 450,000 people (Resnick 48). Many Jews were forced to live in hallways, under bridges, in pile of trash, or anywhere that they would be able to get away from the rain, snow, and cold (Warsaw 38). The ghetto was closed off by barbed wire or wooden fences and patrolled by German guards who constantly brutalized innocent people (Resnick 39). Plumbing frequently broke down and bathing was almost unheard of. Even the toilets couldnt be flushed (Resnick 40). Many of the people that lived in the ghetto died from malnutrition. In the three summer months of 1941, 85,000 prisoners died from hunger, thirst, and sickness. Out of those 85,000 prisoners that died, 20,000 were children (Resnick 46). A typhoid fever outbreak in 1940 killed 15,000 prisoners. It was calculated that the rations that were supplied didnt even cover 10 percent of the normal requirements (Warsaw 38). When the deportations began, efforts were made to establish a fighting organization, consisting of the various underground factions operating in the ghetto. The Jewish Fighting Organization; ZOB, was formed on July 28, 1942. The deportations stopped in September by which time about 300,000 Jews had been removed from the ghetto. This left the population at 55,000-60,000 in the ghetto. These survivors that were young people, left feeling isolated and bitter. Most of them blamed themselves for not offering resistance against the deportations. The prisoners now shared the same idea that under the existing circumstances their only way to freedom is fighting the German troops (Establishment of a Fighting Organization n.p.)....

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Economic Geography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic Geography - Essay Example The recent innovations would not change the world of work substantially. Higher literacy rate and increased research intensity majorly caused the growth of income in the later half of the 20th century. Finiteness of growth of these elements is a cause of halt in income growth. The rate of progress today is very slow compared to what it was from the start to the mid 20th century. Computer age is omnipresent but has failed to increase productivity like the innovations of the late 19th century did until the quarter of the 20th century. Innovation and technology are used interchangeably but the two terms are different. A hindrance in future innovation is poorly crafted regulations. The role of government as well as energy has changed in the transition from the late 20th to the 21st century. Globalization is one of the factors that caused the productivity slowdown since 1970s, though it also serves as an opportunity since any idea generated spreads world over. The real risk for advanced e conomies is the rigidity of institutions toward accommodation of changes that are truly revolutionary rather than the slow pace of innovation. Reflection I think that the pace of innovation has not slowed down. In fact, the speed with which the research and development is taking place today far exceeds any achieved in the past centuries. This article has more discussed the effect of innovation and new technologies on business, commerce, and everyday life rather than innovation itself. Considering the innovation aspect, the fact that every year brings along with it new models and upgraded specifications of almost every gadget that we have ranging from the cars to mobile phones provides evidence of the speed of innovation. So saying that innovation is not happening any more would be far from reality. Nevertheless, it is undoubtedly true that human life has never been impacted as much by innovation and new technology as it has been impacted from the start till the first quarter of the 20th century. The reason behind the decline in the impact of innovation on human life in the present age compared to the past is not just limited to the rigid attitude of the organizations and institutions toward sustaining the traditional ways of working. While it is an important factor, the reasons for the decline in innovation’s impact on human life extend beyond it to include the fact that the merits of adjusting the systems according to new technologies today are not as enormous as they were in the past. This is because of the fact that the general lifestyle of people a century ago or before that and the systems of trade and commerce were far less advanced than what they are today and had a lot of room for adjustment and improvement. Therefore, the decline has basically not happened in the speed of innovation. Instead, the decline has happened in the tendency of the systems to be improved probably because the existing systems address the fundamental needs of the society in many ways. Although there is growing concern about the safety of environment, yet this fact cannot be denied that the practices that have led to deterioration of the environmental health and safety are addressing the economic and various other needs of the society. One point that has been made in the article and which I disagree with is that the omnipresence of computer age has not increased the productivity the way the 19th century’s innovations did. Saying this is unfair because it undermines all the improvement in

Friday, October 18, 2019

The Masters Prepared Nurse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Masters Prepared Nurse - Essay Example "The Hospital That Could Cure Health Care" in the December 2009 Newsweek talks about the Cleveland Clinic. This is a the hospital that President Obama visited in July to determine what efficient healthcare was like. The Cleveland Clinic has such things as a miniature robot that repairs a heart valve through an inch long incision, a computer system that allows doctors to read patients charts and write orders from anywhere in the world and interactive supply closets. When a nurse removes something from a supply shelf, the supply is registered and a self guided robot cart brings replacements from the warehouse. They are an upscale hospital who built their efficiency after the Toyota factory and the Japanese inspired lean thinking model (Adler & Interlandi, 2009) The CEO here is unusual and forward thinking. He has already banned the hiring of smokers and does urine tests on employees for nicotine. He presently wants a policy to ban hiring people who are obese but the law will not yet allow him to do that. Things like potato chips have been banned from the hospital vending machines. However, Cleveland Clinic has produced the most cost efficient care in the United States in the last two years.

Public Relations and Tourism in Lebanon Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public Relations and Tourism in Lebanon - Thesis Example The intention of this study is an international tourism is one of the most important sectors in the world today as expenditure on tourist goods and services represent some 8% of total world export receipts and 5% of world GDP while the Arab world attracts only 3% of international tourist arrivals and receipts. Most countries that specialize in the tourism sector have made good economic progress. The progress is largely dependent on how the destination has been marketed. Public relations play a vital role in constructing images of a location and the activities that the location offers. This has become important as tourism today has been categorized as adventure tourism, conference tourism, eco tourism, health tourism, spa tourism, event tourism, religious tourism or cultural tourism. Lebanon as a destination has much to offer to tourists. It has a diverse patchwork of Mediterranean-lapped coast, rugged alpine peaks, and green fertile valleys over an area of 225 km. long and 46km wide. The Lebanese coast has the Mediterranean Sea to the west and the Mount Lebanon Range to the east. Apart from these it offers multi-sport adventure and archaeological wonders but tourism has been adversely affected in the last decade for various reasons. Much of these has been attributed to the image that been created by the media. Hazbun contends that of late Lebanon has been proactive in promoting tourism. The author suggests that Beirut’s urban redevelopment efforts will not be able to attract the western tourists as Lebanon carries an external negative image, is gripped by fears of regional instability and attracts high prices.

Time management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Time management - Research Paper Example 8 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...11 Time management Introduction Time management entails exercising prudent control on the amount of time spent in performing several activities in order to improve productivity, efficiency and increase effectiveness (Pausch, 2008). Time management includes several tools, techniques and skills that enable individuals and organizations to accomplish specific activities within the time limit. The main aspects of time management include setting and adhering to priorities and minimizing time spent on non-core activities (Carroll, 2012). Time management is about utilizing the available time effectively through effective scheduling of time, setting clear goal s, prioritizing of activities, delegation of the tasks and reviewing the time spent on different tasks. According to Pausch (2008), the management must organize the workspace or environment in order to eliminate destructions and ensure maximum concentration. Eisenhower time management method classifies tasks in to either urgent or important tasks while action priority matrix determines the priority of tasks depending on the efforts and perceived benefits to the organization. According to Pareto principle (80:20 rule), 80 percent of the output is generated by 20 percent of the efforts. The Pareto analysis is useful in prioritizing the tasks since 80 percent of the results can be attributed to 20 percent of tasks completed. This paper will discuss benefits of time management, various skills in time management and methods of time management. The paper will also discuss ways of avoiding procrastination. Carroll (2012) asserts that effective planning entails preparing work lists of activ ities that must be completed during a certain time. These include the ‘to do lists’ that prioritize activities depending on their importance and urgency to the organization. The pending tasks must take accomplished first and new tasks must not start until the previous or already started tasks are complete. Accordingly, the individual or management must set goals and objectives that aim at ensuring efficiency of work. The goals and objectives must be specific, attainable and measurable (Croft, 1996). The goals must have clear deadlines that will guide the efforts committed towards accomplishment of the specific tasks. The management must motivate employees towards attainment of the set goals within the pre-determined deadlines. Accordingly, the management must delegate authority and responsibilities in order to ensure employees take accountability of their tasks in completing the tasks within the deadlines (Pausch, 2008). The employees must spend the appropriate and allo cated time on the right activities depending on the priorities in order to meet any strict deadlines and ensure efficient workflow in the organization (Croft, 1996). Benefits of time management Time management involves making the possible best use of the available time while doing the right things at the right time. One of the benefits of time management is that it makes individuals more disciplined and punctual. The individuals are capable of preparing ‘

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Global warming Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global warming - Research Proposal Example Research Statement In particular, the researcher will endeavor on the below mentioned research statement to fulfill aims and objectives of the proposed research: â€Å"To analyze the impact of global warming on air quality of human environment† Hypothesis Specifically, the major hypothesis of the proposed research is that a reduction in global warming will be the particular cause of increment in the quantity of clean air in the environment. Objectives The major aims and objectives of the proposed study are to: Analyze different processes of global warming and environment Identify related components of global warming and air in the environment Analyze the impact of global warming on the environment Analyze the relation of global warming with air quality in the environment Literature Review Global warming has become one expression that is used quite commonly when speaking of the environment. Throughout times, the world climate has gradually changed. During the 21st century, unus ually warm years have occurred. Since 1990, the world has experienced some nine warm years1. Global warming is generally defined as an increase in the temperature globally due to gaseous release (green house gases) and the thinning of the ozone layer. Global warming, therefore, threatens the climate of the world and it affects the meteorological pattern of different regions around the world. Generally, global warming has resulted into many disadvantages for the environment. This has included instability in the world climate. Global warming also results in polar ice melting and sea levels to rise. These further results in floods, coastal erosion, and other damaging effects to the environment. Severe heat waves also cause the loss of human and animal life2. Global warming is also said to have reduced the clean air that living beings breathe in. Numerous studies have been conducted on this topic. This proposal will therefore identify different studies and discussions that have been foc using the abovementioned issue related to global warming. A study3 done in California first showed the impacts that global warming has on the environment. It clearly stated that the global warming would continue to have a huge impact on the quality of air that humans being breathe in. This occurs through a proper procedure. As temperature rises and there is a variation in weather patterns, pollutants in the air increase significantly. Research4 has also proven that hotter temperatures also lead to emissions of high soot gases such as Nitrogen Oxides. This also results in formation of ozone smog. These further results in more global warming. Therefore, it is a cyclical effect. However, as the research elaborated, air pollution can have a significant impact on the health of the people. Particularly, in California, which is said to the fifth on the list of ten smoggiest cities in United States of America, the health risk is increasing due to air pollution. In California itself, it has led to around 24,000 pre mature deaths each year and quite many illnesses. There have been increment in hospital admits due to respiratory reasons, decreased lung function. This study also quoted another study that stated that increase in global warming has caused an additional 1000 deaths due to air pollution. The study, therefore advanced that there should be a policy made which would reduce emissions from fossil fuels so that there may be a decrease in global warming and hence improved air quality. The study done in California also ascertains that measures that reduce the greatest amount of global warming pollution-which include cleaner cars and trucks, use of renewable energy can lead to significant reductions in the nitrogen and carbon emissions in the air. Such measures will also produce other improvements to thing of vital concern such as air quality and public health. The benefits of the implementation of the study would reduce nitrogen levels by a very high level

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures Research Paper

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures - Research Paper Example Because of these trends, there has been explosive growth in profitability in health clubs devoted to women’s needs that are both exclusive and have programs that are designed with female camaraderie in mind. In fact, in 2005, the entire global health club industry reported over 105 million members, with well over 50 percent concentrated in the United States (ihrsa.org, 2006). This indicates a sizeable potential market even when futher deconstructing the existing market to include only women and their active participation and desire in health club membership. Since the market for health clubs is divided nearly 50/50 for men and women who currently hold membership, it should be assumed that the potential market opportunities for health club development and ownership consists of 52 million women. What can explain this growing interest in the female market (consisting of 18-60 year old market characteristics) for health club use and membership? There are many factors that are both motivational at the intrinsic level and also relating to personal desire for a better body to satisfy vanity and tangible health care needs. Offers one expert organization pertaining to the health club industry, â€Å"women want to work out without having to worry about looking fat, sweaty or makeup free in front of a bunch of men they don’t know† (Dean, 2011, p.1). Women who are interested in women-only health clubs are finding personal camaraderie with others in an environment where they can comfortably exercise among women with similar body characteristics or other fitness goals. These environments provide for a sense of privacy and exclusivity and also maintain the potential to develop many long-term friendships developed through the sharing of individual health goal needs. There are also motivational elements that continue to provide intense profit for existing women’s only health clubs. According to Marandi, Little & Sekhon (2006), the values that drive w omen to these health clubs is a personal sense of accomplishment, self-respect, a more active lifestyle, and establishment of a sense of personal belonging with others. These motivational elements are psychologically-driven and are essentially uniform between all age groups, marital status, occupation, and lifestyle security (Marandi, et al.). Much to the advantage of this proposed health club development, there are no specific markets requiring segmentation that would supersede another, thus, again, providing virtually unlimited market potential with an active 52 million female market group. The industry outlook is significant, as existing companies that specialize in women’s health needs continue to diversify their product offerings and programs to sustain the benefits of women looking to establish better self-image and personal health. It is common in this industry to gain extended marketing presence and profitability through supplementary vitamin products, health and well ness books, and also the existence of new personal training activities such as massage therapists and other club professionals. Since 2009, 37.4 percent of all adults (both male and female) have used some variety of health

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Time management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Time management - Research Paper Example 8 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...11 Time management Introduction Time management entails exercising prudent control on the amount of time spent in performing several activities in order to improve productivity, efficiency and increase effectiveness (Pausch, 2008). Time management includes several tools, techniques and skills that enable individuals and organizations to accomplish specific activities within the time limit. The main aspects of time management include setting and adhering to priorities and minimizing time spent on non-core activities (Carroll, 2012). Time management is about utilizing the available time effectively through effective scheduling of time, setting clear goal s, prioritizing of activities, delegation of the tasks and reviewing the time spent on different tasks. According to Pausch (2008), the management must organize the workspace or environment in order to eliminate destructions and ensure maximum concentration. Eisenhower time management method classifies tasks in to either urgent or important tasks while action priority matrix determines the priority of tasks depending on the efforts and perceived benefits to the organization. According to Pareto principle (80:20 rule), 80 percent of the output is generated by 20 percent of the efforts. The Pareto analysis is useful in prioritizing the tasks since 80 percent of the results can be attributed to 20 percent of tasks completed. This paper will discuss benefits of time management, various skills in time management and methods of time management. The paper will also discuss ways of avoiding procrastination. Carroll (2012) asserts that effective planning entails preparing work lists of activ ities that must be completed during a certain time. These include the ‘to do lists’ that prioritize activities depending on their importance and urgency to the organization. The pending tasks must take accomplished first and new tasks must not start until the previous or already started tasks are complete. Accordingly, the individual or management must set goals and objectives that aim at ensuring efficiency of work. The goals and objectives must be specific, attainable and measurable (Croft, 1996). The goals must have clear deadlines that will guide the efforts committed towards accomplishment of the specific tasks. The management must motivate employees towards attainment of the set goals within the pre-determined deadlines. Accordingly, the management must delegate authority and responsibilities in order to ensure employees take accountability of their tasks in completing the tasks within the deadlines (Pausch, 2008). The employees must spend the appropriate and allo cated time on the right activities depending on the priorities in order to meet any strict deadlines and ensure efficient workflow in the organization (Croft, 1996). Benefits of time management Time management involves making the possible best use of the available time while doing the right things at the right time. One of the benefits of time management is that it makes individuals more disciplined and punctual. The individuals are capable of preparing ‘

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures Research Paper

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures - Research Paper Example Because of these trends, there has been explosive growth in profitability in health clubs devoted to women’s needs that are both exclusive and have programs that are designed with female camaraderie in mind. In fact, in 2005, the entire global health club industry reported over 105 million members, with well over 50 percent concentrated in the United States (ihrsa.org, 2006). This indicates a sizeable potential market even when futher deconstructing the existing market to include only women and their active participation and desire in health club membership. Since the market for health clubs is divided nearly 50/50 for men and women who currently hold membership, it should be assumed that the potential market opportunities for health club development and ownership consists of 52 million women. What can explain this growing interest in the female market (consisting of 18-60 year old market characteristics) for health club use and membership? There are many factors that are both motivational at the intrinsic level and also relating to personal desire for a better body to satisfy vanity and tangible health care needs. Offers one expert organization pertaining to the health club industry, â€Å"women want to work out without having to worry about looking fat, sweaty or makeup free in front of a bunch of men they don’t know† (Dean, 2011, p.1). Women who are interested in women-only health clubs are finding personal camaraderie with others in an environment where they can comfortably exercise among women with similar body characteristics or other fitness goals. These environments provide for a sense of privacy and exclusivity and also maintain the potential to develop many long-term friendships developed through the sharing of individual health goal needs. There are also motivational elements that continue to provide intense profit for existing women’s only health clubs. According to Marandi, Little & Sekhon (2006), the values that drive w omen to these health clubs is a personal sense of accomplishment, self-respect, a more active lifestyle, and establishment of a sense of personal belonging with others. These motivational elements are psychologically-driven and are essentially uniform between all age groups, marital status, occupation, and lifestyle security (Marandi, et al.). Much to the advantage of this proposed health club development, there are no specific markets requiring segmentation that would supersede another, thus, again, providing virtually unlimited market potential with an active 52 million female market group. The industry outlook is significant, as existing companies that specialize in women’s health needs continue to diversify their product offerings and programs to sustain the benefits of women looking to establish better self-image and personal health. It is common in this industry to gain extended marketing presence and profitability through supplementary vitamin products, health and well ness books, and also the existence of new personal training activities such as massage therapists and other club professionals. Since 2009, 37.4 percent of all adults (both male and female) have used some variety of health

Mother Teresa Essay Example for Free

Mother Teresa Essay Mother Teresa was determined to help as many poor and homeless people as possible. She was always thinking of the many people in need. Everyone said about her â€Å"either move out of her way or help the poor.† They said that because she was always helping the poor and she wouldn’t let anyone or anything get in her way. She never cared about herself getting sick, all she cared about was the people in need. The reason why I want to be like Mother Teresa is because I want to make a difference in people’s lives just like she did. Also, I want to be like her because she was always thinking of others. Mother Teresa was very ambitious because she never rested until all of her patients were comforted because she saw the face of Jesus in all of them. God talked to Mother Teresa a lot. Once when she was on a train she heard God say to her, â€Å"get off the train and help the people in need.† So she did. She would always obey God’s orders. Whenever a person came up to her to ask for help she would help them with anything like if they needed food, care, or help with anything she was always there. That is another reason why I want to be like Mother Teresa. Mother Teresa is very worthy of imitation. Every day of Mother Teresa’s life since she became a nun, she was working with people. Mother Teresa served the poorest of the poor for over 45 years. Thanks to Mother Teresa, now there are many places for the homeless, poor, the unwanted, and lots more. Pope John Paul II said â€Å" Mother Teresa marked the history of our century with courage. She served all human beings by promoting their dignity and respect, and made those who had been defeated by life feel the tenderness of God.†

Monday, October 14, 2019

Overview of Translation and Translation Training

Overview of Translation and Translation Training LITERATURE REVIEW Background of translation (300w) According to Newmark (1988), translation is a process of rendering the meaning of information from a language (usually called source language) into another language (usually called target language) following the intention of the author, the purpose of the information themselves and the demand of the target languages readers. Translation, sometimes, is a definition used for both written and oral transferring; however, it is considered as written information transferring more often. Oral transferring refers to interpretation. In this research, we define translation as the transferring process of written information from a source language into another target language, which can [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] convey its original tone and message and blind the barrier of cultural and regional diversity between the two languages. There are now available two popular methods of translation: semantic translation and communicative translation. It is classified so based on the comparison in meaning and contents with the source languages texts. Semantic translation is considered as faithful translation, this translation method looks on the author, his/her words choice, structure and expression are saved carefully. Whereas, communicative translation looks on the readers, the purpose of this method is to give information, so the translator should render the meaning and the aim of the article. There are also other methods of translation, such as: word for word translation, literal translation, faithful translation, adaption, free translation, idiomatic translation, etc. The function or the nature of translation, similar to language is to communicate. As a result, a good translator should not only choose one suitable method for the text or only focus on transferring the messages from one language into another. A good translator can, however, deliver those to the readers of the target language and balance the both cultures and regions in his/her translation. To meet this demand, a translator should understand the writing of the target language thoroughly and know the socio-cultural situation of the text deeply. According to Harris Brian (1976), translation should continue to be practiced in our secondary schools and might even be extended in some places to primary school. Being a good translation, a learner has no choice but practicing to improve his/herself. Background of translation training (700w) Wu Lei (1999) defined translation training as a process where the application of translation theories is widely spread or delivered to linguistic learners. To clarify the importance of translation, Wu Lei has taken an example in China, where translation is an indispensable element in industrialization and modernization process of the country. Moreover, translation shows its influence in analyze the professional of linguistic learners. Their profession in translation reflects the abilities of them in both their mother tongue and the foreign languages because, a learner have to master at least both of the languages to ensure becoming a translator. In conclusion, people realize the roles of translation in both linguistic training and in the distribution of a country. Although translation has appeared and marked its importance for thousand years with the mission of contributing the world, motivating knowledge discovery, enhancing human life as a mean for communicating and interacting among cultures and regions; translation studies has just been recognized since the 20th century. It is no doubt that translation training is still included in the new area to study, in compare with its appearance and its undeniable roles in the development of human being. In China, translation is taught, generally, in the third year, after linguistic students of a university finish their advanced writing courses or after they finish the course about 4-basic English skills in China. In compare with Vietnam, the linguistic students can also have a chance to study translation and theories of translation in the first year like Schools of Foreign languages or Hanoi University. It is taught so because the students may cope with many difficulties in translation learning if their four basic English skills is not professional. In addition, translation training in the early year just focuses on translating materials from other languages into the translators mother tongue. Not until the development of industrialization and modernization process in some countries, particularly in asia, happens, does translating from the translators mother tongue into other languages catch more attention. Despite the awareness of people about translation roles in modern time, translation methodology and training faces many difficulties. The experts understand that translation must concentrate on the cultural difference or, in other words, it is that translation into target language should be accurate, accurate means that ensuring the whole meanings of sentences or a document, and the cultural suitability of the translated texts. A translator must make sure that they have a wide range of background knowledge about every field and area and master all the linguistic skills required. Nowadays, translation teaching is clearly illustrated in two main ways. The first way is that the lecturer first gives the piece of writing for the students to translating. After that, the students will translate it into the target language and explain the methodology they use and skill related to the exercises. The second way, theories and methodologies are delivered to the learners first, then, they will use them to translate a given text. These two methods still have their disadvantages, especially, they base on the profession of the lecturers. A lecturer should have knowledge on all aspects of the world and master all translating skill and theories to deliver them to their learners correctly and effectively; it says that, a lecturer has to be extremely hard-working and excellent. Moreover, it expresses the limitation in learning materials, self-practicing and human resources. The problem is that learners who want to improve themselves cannot just rely on their lecturers but on pr acticing itself. In terms of reference resources, students could get the information in parallel texts. Printed dictionaries, company sites and specialized press in addition to online dictionaries. These tools can be a convenient guide during translation processing, along with in-class activities, for terminology and documentation purposes. In general, due to the shortage of materials and research about translation training until now, the resources about how to learn and to teach translation at university are still limited, except for practicing and improving oneself. The roles of human in translation process is undeniable, however, writing in his research about Machine Translation over fifty years, John Hutchins (1976) said that, although internet and technology in 20th century is not developed enough to meet the need of people in translating fields, machine translation will be used more widely in the future. It leads to the fact that a translator should try harder to win the limitation of machine translation and to meet the requirements of the market. For more optimistic, John strongly highlighted on the development of technology that can play a role as a supporter for human, especially translator in the future. An Overview of ICT and e-learning (500-600w) Definition of ICT (100w Thanh) Generally, ICT or Information and Communicative Technologies are understood as technologies that support activities involving information. More specifically, according to Random House Dictionary, ICT is defined as a branch of knowledge (as cited in Khaled S. Lynne B.) that includes the combination of informatics technology with other, related technologies, specifically communication technology (Gokhe, p. 1), and as referred by Stephen Heppell, is the foundation of creativity and productivity (as cited in Megha Gokhe, p. 1). It is a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, ad to create, disseminate, store and manage information (Meenaksi, 2013) which implies to be used, applied and integrated into all activities related to life, society and particularly in education. E-learning: An application of ICT in daily life (150w Cà ´ng) ICT has been applied in many ways in daily life. Celebic and Rendulic (2011) indicate several applications of ICT, namely providing internet services such as e-commerce, e-banking and e-government; facilitating e-learning and teleworking environments; and setting up virtual communities. The concept of e-learning varies in different research studies. In the broadest sense, e-learning means any form of learning that is enabled electronically (Abbad, Morris, Nahlik, 2009; Celebic, Rendulic, 2011). Its concept, however, is narrowed down to mean any learning that is internet-enabled or web-based (LaRose, Gregg Eastin, 2003 as cited in Abbad et al., 2009). E-Learning brings about many benefits for students, teachers and educational institutions. Firstly, e-learning benefit students by improving access to education and training (Alexander, 2001; as cited in Gilbert, Morton, Rowley, 2007); giving them adaptive time, place and pace of learning; providing them with unrestricted repetition of lectures; and creating multimedia environment with video, audio and text (Celebic Rendulic, 2011). Besides, for teachers and educational institutions, it reduces costs of conducting teaching, enables educational staff to implement the respective education in a short time and allows simple upgrade of materials. (Celebic and Rendulic, 2011). Web-based Learning and Web-based Application in Translation Training (1400w) Definition and current situation of Web-based learning and Web-based Application in Translation Training (200w Thanh) Web-based learning is defined as a subset of e-learning and refers to learning using an internet browser such as the Moodle, Blackboard or Internet Explorer (Mikre, 2011, Operational definition of terms). SarÄ ±ca (2008) defines web-based learning theory as education that occurs only through the Web, that is, it does not consist of any physical learning materials issued to students or actual face to face contact (Theory of Web-Based Learning, Web-Based English Language Learning). Cook (2007) states web-based learning encompasses all educational interventions that make use of the internet (or a local intranet) (p. 37). Currently, web-based education is a promising field with the rising number of students enrolled in online classes (Su, Bonk, Magjuka, Liu, Lee, 2005). Several studies (Lewis, Alexander Farris, 1997; Waits Lewis, 2003) estimates that the number of students taking distant programs has gone up from around 750,000 to more than three million within six academic years from 1994-1995 to 2000-2001 (as cited in Su et al., 2005). This learning form requires a network like the World Wide Web which enables language learners to overcome the physical barriers in terms of time and space and quickly access materials in many foreign languages and cultures. Peter J. Yangs article mentions several advantages of learning via networks including access to authentic materials, flexible scheduling, location independence and enhanced communication (n.d., pp. 81-82). Roles of web-based learning (400w Thanh) SarÄ ±ca identifies several roles including knowledge generation, collaboration and process management. In a web-based learning setting, the learner is expected to work out solutions to problems. Also, they are responsible for viewing issues and questions of the teacher and other students. Besides, students in the web-based learning environment are recommended to work collaboratively and cooperatively so as to come up with deeper levels of understanding of the course material. They are expected to share the resources and materials that they are finding with alternative learners. As for the role of process management, students are supposed to participate with minimal guidelines, interact with one another and speak up when the discussions are moving into an uncomfortable zone (SarÄ ±ca, 2008, p. 6). Strengths and Weaknesses (300w Cà ´ng) In general, online learning environment offers many advantages in comparison with traditional classrooms. Evans and Fan (2002) suggest three main benefits of learning online, namely place independence, flexible time and adaptive pace for study (as cited in ODonoghue, Singh Green, 2004). In addition, e-learning enables learners to select proper courses and learning material that can be reviewed as many times as necessary to enhance their understanding and specific skills (Jingyu, 2014). However, the learners may face several challenges and risks during online courses. Jingyus study (2014) shows unreasonable time management may pose them to the possibility of procrastination. As a result, learners must have much self-motivation, wise organization and plan to keep up with online courses (Jingyu, 2014). Besides, another concern is the loss of face-to-face interaction. The 2011 study carried by the University of Plymouth implied that online environment reduced both student-instructor int eraction and the interaction with learners peers, which can cause feelings of isolation (as cited in ODonoghue, Singh Green, 2004). According to Micu and Sinu (2012), web-based tools has both advantages and disadvantages in terms of teaching and learning language translation. As to teaching written translation, they rely on the Internet accessibility. Regarding learning translation, Abraham indicates (2003) that students may benefit from web-based machine translation sites, online dictionaries, and language-related websites are sources that may frequently be consulted and used by foreign language learners (as cited in Micu Sinu, 2012, p. 124). However, they may misguidedly use these web-based tools due to lack of discussion and employment of such resources as part of their class activities. Another negative aspect is that resources from the Internet are not always reliable and of good quality since anyone can post information on the Web, including non-experts, and Web documents are not always subject to an editing process in the same way that printed documents usually are (Bowker, 2003 as cited in Micu Sinu, 20 12, p. 124). Constructing and Utilizing Web Applications (500w Cà ´ng) Background and construction of web applications Over the years, the World Wide Web has rapidly evolved from a delivery system for static documents to a popular platform today for programming distributed web applications. According to Stuttard and Pinto (2011), the World Wide Web formerly consisted only of information repositories that contained static documents, and the information flowed in one way, from server to browser. Nowadays, most websites are highly functional applications counting on two-way flow of information between the server and browser (Stuttard Pinto, 2011). Joshi, Aref, Ghafoor and Spafford (2001) illustrate a web application as a three-tier architecture that consists of a Web client, network servers, and a back-end information system supported by a suite of databases. (p. 38). Chlipala (2015) claims that a web application of rich functionality today must generate HTML, for document structure; CSS, for document formatting; JavaScript, a scripting language for client-side interactivity; and HTTP, a protocol for sending all of the above and more, to and from browsers. Common functions of a web app include shopping, social networking, banking and interaction information, etc. (Stuttard Pinto, 2011). Vosloo (n.d.) refers to using a Content Management System (CMS) and using a web framework as two main ways of building web applications today. CMSs, normally coming with such pre-built modules as discussion forums, FAQs and online polls, allows non-technical users with little knowledge about web development to add pages and content. A web framework, on the other hand, is intended for a more technical user. Web frameworks originate from the reusable code that is put in libraries for doing tasks repeatedly (Vosloo, n.d.). Utilizing the Web App and Interaction in online learning In her article, Sarica (2008) points out communication technologies are classified as asynchronous or synchronous. In the former one, technologies such as blogs, forum and e-mail are utilized so that people can participate and engage in the community without depending on others involvement at the same time. The later form synchronous, on the other hand, involves real-time activities of exchanging ideas and information among participants. The participants can take advantages of web-based learning because they can access resources in multiple formats anytime and anywhere as well as learn more independently and actively. Interaction is often regarded as a significant component of a successful online learning. Palloff and Pratt (1999) claim that the keys to the learning process are the interactions among students themselves, the interactions between faculty and students, and the collaboration in learning that results from these interactions (as cited in Su et al., 2005, p.1). In addition, the evidence from some other research (Irani, 1998; Zhang Fulford, 1994; Zirkin Sumler, 1995) suggests more interaction means more students satisfaction and better learning outcomes (as cited in Su et al., 2005). Moore (1989) classified interaction into three categories, namely learner-instructor, learner-learner and learner-content. Learner-instructor interactions create an environment in which students are encouraged to have better understandings about the content. Moore also indicate that learner-learner interactions take place among learners with or without the real-time presence of an instructor (as cited in Su et al., 2005). According to Garrison (1990), this type of interaction is found to motivate students and enable them to have better learning experiences (as cited in Sabry Baldwin, 2003). Sabry and Baldwin (2003) pointed out two forms of learner-learner interactions including asynchronously (non-real time) through using, for example, email or discussion boards, or synchronously (real-time) using, for example, conferencing and chat facilities (p. 445). Learner-content interaction is defined as the process of learners interacting intellectually with content, leading to changes in th eir understanding and perspective (Moore, 1989 as cited in Su et al., 2005). However, there is not much to discuss about it because interaction patterns vary on different contents (Su et al., 2005). Other types of interactions (as cited in Su et al., 2005, p.3) that are not widely discussed include vicarious interaction (Devries, 1996; Sutton, 2001) and learner-self interactions (Soo Bonk, 1998; Robertson, 2002). Su et al. (2005) suggest several technologies and instructional activities that will enhance learners understanding the subject matter and deepen their critical reflection and analysis skills. Some frequently used technologies that may be applied in online education to promote interactions include textbooks; multimedia combining texts, audio and images via the Internet or CD-ROM; streaming audio and video; as well as synchronous and asynchronous communication tools, for instance discussion boards, instant messaging and file-sharing (McGreal, 2004 as cited in Su et al., 2005). The study by Gilbert, Morton and Rowley (2007) showed that students appreciated discussion forums or threads, and that many used them as their main mode of interaction. In addition to technologies, instructional activities can also promote course interactions, thus enable students to understand the content better and improve their engagement in learning. Su et al. (2005) also cited several examples of educators employing instructional activities to enhance interactions and improve learning. Learner-instructor, for example, can be enhanced through virtual office hours (Branon Essex, 2001). Teamwork is emphasized in learner-learner interactions by Peter (2000). Likewise, Sutton (2001) stimulated students to read others discussions to learn through vicarious interactions. In respect of learner-content interactions, Kerka (1996) recommends students reply to questionnaires so that they can self-examine their views related to the content (as cited in Su et al., 2005). References Meenakshi. (2013). Importance of ICT in Education. IOSR, 1(4), 3-8. Retrieved from www.iosrjournals.org Mikre, F. (2011). The Roles of Information Communication Technologies in Education. Ethiop. J. Educ. Sc, 6(2). Retrieved from http://www.ajol.info/index.php/ejesc/article/viewFile/73521/62437 Abbad, M. M., Morris, D., Nahlik, C. d. (2009). Looking under the Bonnet: Factors Affecting Student Adoption of E-Learning Systems in Jordan. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 10(2), 2. Abbasi, G., zadeh, S. S., Janfaza, E., Assemi, A., Dehghan, S. S. (2012). Language, Translation, and Culture. 2012 International Conference on Language, Medias and Culture (p. 83). Singapore: IACSIT. Celebic, G., Rendulic, D. I. (2011). ITdesk.info project of computer e-education with open access. Zagreb: Open Society for Idea Exchange. Retrieved from http://www.ITdesk.info/ Chlipala, A. (2015). Ur/Web: A Simple Model for Programming the Web. Mumbai: ACM. Clavijo, B., Marà ­n, P. (2013). Identifying Translation Teaching Strategies: An Exploratory Study. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(21), 71-76. Cook, D. A. (2007). Web-based learning: pros, cons and controversies. Clinical Medicine, 7(1), 37-42. Retrieved from http://www.ncolr.org/ Gilbert, J., Morton, S., Rowley, J. (2007). e-Learning: The student experience. British Journal of Educational Technology, 38(4), 560-573. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00723.x Jingyu, L. (2014). Pros and Cons: Web Based Education. International Conference on Education, Management and Computing Technology (pp. 459-461). Xinyu: Atlantis. Joshi, J. B., Aref, W. G., Ghafoor, A., Spafford, E. H. (2001). Security models for web-based applications. Communications of the ACM, 44(2), 38-44. Lei, M. (1999). Translation Teaching in China. Meta: Translators Journal, 44(1), 198-208. doi:10.7202/003677ar Micu, C. S., Sinu, R. (2012). Web-Based Methods and Tools in Teaching Translation and Interpreting. The 7 International Conference on Virtual Learning ICVL 2012, (pp. 121-124). Transilvania University of Brasov. Retrieved from http://www.icvl.eu/ Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. Hertfordshire: Prentice HaH International vUIO. Retrieved from http://ilts.ir/Content/ilts.ir/Page/142/ContentImage/A%20Textbook%20of%20Translation%20by%20Peter%20Newmark%20(1).pdf ODonoghue, J., Singh, G., Green, C. (2004). A comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of IT based education and the implications upon students. Interactive Educational Multimedia, 63-76. Sabry, K., Baldwin, L. (2003). Web-based learning interaction and learning styles. British Journal of Educational Technology, 34(4), 443-454. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ SarÄ ±ca, G. N. (2008, May 6). WEB-BASED ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING. EskiÃ…Å ¸ehir, Turkey. Stuttard, D., Pinto, M. (2011). The Web Application Hackers Handbook: Finding and Exploiting Security Flaws. Indiana: John Wiley Sons. Su, B., Bonk, C. J., Magjuka, R. J., Liu, X., Lee, S.-h. (2005). The Importance of Interaction in Web-Based Education: A Program-level Case Study of Online MBA Courses. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 4(1), 1-5. Retrieved from http://www.ncolr.org/ Vosloo, I. (n.d.). Web-based development: Putting practice into theory. Retrieved from http://www.cs.up.ac.za/cs/sgruner/Festschrift/paper20.pdf à Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€˜Ã†â€™Ãƒ Ã‚ ·Ãƒ Ã‚ µÃƒ Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ ºÃƒ Ã‚ ¾, à Ã¢â‚¬Å". (2008). THE WORLD OF INTERPRETING AND TRANSLATING. à Ã…“à Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ Ã‚ ºÃƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ »Ãƒ Ã‚ °Ãƒâ€˜-à Ã‚ ². SarÄ ±ca, G. N. (2008, May 6). Web-based English Language Learning. Paper presented at the 8th International Educational Technology Conference, Anadolu University, EskiÃ…Å ¸ehir, Turkey. Su, B., Bonk, C. J., Magjuka, R. J., Liu, X., Lee, S.-h. (2005). The Importance of Interaction in Web-Based Education: A Program-level Case Study of Online MBA Courses. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 4(1), 1-5. Retrieved from http://www.ncolr.org/ Yang, P. J. (n.d.). Networked Multimedia and Foreign Language Education. CALICO, 15(1-3), 80-82. Retrieved from https://calico.org/html/article_444.pdf

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Napoleon Bonaparte :: essays research papers

Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte, the son of Carlo and Letizia Bonaparte, was born in Ajaccio, Corsica on August 15, 1768. In 1779, he was sent to a military school in Paris. He was made fun of by the French there, and gave him the dream of power. Napoleon was waiting for the right time to achieve greater power, and that moment came when the French monarchy was overthrown. Napoleon’s parents were radicals, and both died soon after he turned 16, therefore leaving him the estate. His first battle was when he directed the artillery siege of Toulon in 1793, and afterwards he was promoted to brigadier general. In 1795, he scattered a group of rioters by firing a grapeshot, a shot gun version of a cannon, into the crowd. Napoleon was then made commander of the Italian army and won four straight battles against the Austrians. In 1797, Austria surrendered to France when Napoleon was just 80 miles from the capitol. When the fight was taken to Egypt, he again won the battle of the pyramids, but lost his fleet of ships in his next fight over the battle of the Nile. He returned home to France to see that the French government was really messed up. "In 1799 he abolished the Directorate and set up a consulate." He was not happy and wanted more power, so he went after the rest of Europe, but had settled with many treaties. Those treaties had put Fran ce at peace with all of Europe. Then in 1803, war broke out again in Europe, and Britain allied with the other countries of Europe to fight against France. "Napoleon brought those European countries to their knees and forced them to sign humiliating treaties, and now, Britain was the only country left not under Napoleon’s rule." One of Napoleon’s few bad campaigns was when he went into Russia, and instead of the Russians just letting the French capture them, they used guerrilla tactics and also the weather, to fight France. Once Napoleon finally defeated the Russians, he went to Moscow, only to see it in flames. The Grand Army, which was originally made up of 500,000 troops, now had a short of supplies and shelter from the harsh winter. Because of that, they had returned to France being known as "One of Napoleon’s worst blunders." Europe noticed that Napoleon was now weak, and they allied against him and came out victorious, and the European’s forced Napoleon the abdicate power on April 6, 1814.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

The Significance of Letters in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay

The Significance of Letters in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Letters play a very important role in 'Pride and Prejudice'. They can link the story because letters provide information which we would not have found out from the dialogue between the characters. We an also find out extra background information which can help with the reader's understanding of characters, the plot and the novel in general. Letters can reveal characters' personalities and how they feel about the other characters in the novel, for example Miss Bingley's feelings about Jane. Letters are used as a dramatic device in 'Pride and Prejudice' to further the plot, link the story and to inform the readers of the character's personalities. Letters are also an extremely important part of 'Pride and Prejudice' because at the time when the novel was written, letters were the only way of communicating other than through word of mouth. Letters can be used to deliver good and bad news at any time. They did not have telephones so a letter would be the most appropriate way of keeping touch with friends and family. Jane and Elizabeth are two of the main characters in the novel and they write to each other frequently during their visits away from each other. The sisters share some parts of their personalities. Both are caring, loving and considerate towards other people, but Jane is extremely loving and she does not want to judge any of the other characters in the novel before she has heard the entire story. This is because she does not want to think badly of anyone. We know this from Jane?s letter to Elizabeth regarding the actions of Miss Bingley and Miss Hurst ... ... the novel would make no sense. Austen uses letters to make the novel much more interesting as it is different from constant dialogue. She superbly shows that there are different ways to provide the reader with information other than through dialogue or through the narrator. Letters are important in ?Pride and Prejudice? because they can enhance the plot, change the plot, provide the reader with additional information and can also show character. All of the letters from above contribute to the readers understanding of the novel, to the plot and to add to the characterisation and without these letters the novel would seem incomplete. This just proves that letters play a major role in 'Pride and Prejudice'. Bibliography: Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996